泰国私人住宅设计 | 黑色的房子 / Housescape Design Lab-卓美

Housescape Design Lab：该住宅位于泰国清迈，这是一座因其城市生活与自然奇观的完美融合而闻名的城市。在泰语中，“Baan”意为“房子”，“Dam”代表“黑色”，“Baan Dam”则表示“黑色的房子”，是对其极致简约风格的一种诠释，人们之所以如此称呼，也与建筑的色调有关。

Housescape Design Lab：This residence is located in Chiang Mai, a city in northern Thailand recognized for its blend of urban living and proximity to natural wonders. The project holds the name “Baan Dam,” a term chosen for its utmost minimalism, with all those engaged in the journey referring to it by this title. In Thai, “Baan” translates to “House,” while “Dam” signifies “Black.” Hence, it is referred to as the Black House due to its association with this dark hue.

房屋主人最初所提的要求是，建筑既要体现清迈当地的特色和精髓，又要符合现代的生活格调，并在建造过程中尽可能地减少使用国外进口材料。与选择天然材料以实现 100% 纯天然的效果截然不同，该项目旨在激励一种依靠当地社区的生产过程，利用能够解决环境问题的材料，以及在日常生活中容易见到的材料。

The initial request from the homeowner was for a residence that embodied the local essence of Chiang Mai, while also being in harmony with contemporary living and minimizing the use of external imports for its construction. What we’re about to convey is quite distinct from the selection of natural materials to achieve a 100% natural result. The aim of this project isn’t just that; rather, it’s intended to stimulate a production process reliant on the local community, utilizing materials that can address environmental concerns. Another aspect is to make these materials easily observable in everyday life.

设计首先讨论了建筑的布局，其中包含形式和大小不一的庭院。最大的庭院是一个景观庭院，建筑围绕该庭院形成了一个 U 形区域。该区域可作为户外活动空间，尤其适合露营和其他休闲活动。第二部分是房屋前院，也是房屋的入口。该区域使用烤制的粘土作铺地材料，仿照了泰国当地人熟悉的传统房屋做法。这里是通往房屋半公共空间的连接点，包括“Tern”区域和主入口，并延伸至公共用餐区，取代了传统的宾客接待室。由于房屋主人爱好烹饪，因而用餐空间的布置对于接待客人而言意义非凡。最后，走廊庭院是一个被小庭院遮挡起来的私人小空间，它是通往主卧室的通道，且与主屋分开。

The initial aspect was to discuss the architectural layout, which featured a variety of courtyards in different forms and sizes. Beginning with the largest, there’s a landscape yard, where the house forms a U-Shape around it. This area serves as an outdoor activity space, particularly for activities like camping and other recreational pursuits. The second part is the housescape yard, which is the entryway to the house. This area utilizes baked clay as flooring, mimicking the traditional local houses familiar to Thai people. It acts as a connection point to the semi-public spaces of the house, including the “Tern” area and the main entrance, extending to the communal dining area that replaces the traditional guest reception room. As the homeowner enjoys cooking, the significance of hosting guests in this house lies in the arrangement of the dining space. Lastly, the corridor yard is a small, private space screened by a small yard. It serves as a pathway leading to the main bedroom, separated from the main house. These are the distinct meanings and functions of each courtyard.

项目位于降雨量大的湿热地区，因此，“遮阳”对于营造舒适的环境至关重要，也是建筑设计所要考虑的基本因素。不过，这座特殊房屋的屋顶与我们以往的做法不同，需要完全使用黑色。然而由于当地生产水泥瓦，找不到大规模工厂生产的黑色瓦片。因此，团队不得不采用当地的一项技术，为项目单独粉刷近两万块瓦片。然后，将这些瓦片以工匠们擅长的方式进行排列。屋顶被分为两个部分，并用混凝土板进行衔接，以防止接缝过大导致渗水和漏水。

In hot and humid regions with heavy rainfall like this, shading is of utmost importance as it creates a comfortable environment. This is a fundamental consideration in architectural design. However, the choice of roof for this specific house differs from our past practices. We need to use black exclusively. Hence, due to the local production of cement tiles, we cannot find large-scale factory-made black tiles. Thus, our team had to individually paint nearly twenty thousand tiles for this project, employing techniques known to local artisans. These tiles will then be arranged using a method familiar to local craftsmen. The roof will be divided into two sections and connected using a concrete slab roof to prevent excessive seams that might result in leaks. These seams could lead to water infiltration.

该住宅以用餐空间替代了客人接待空间。这一做法反映了房主希望通过美味的食物和烹饪氛围来展示自己的主人身份和化解客人局促感的行为。从外部看，这个特定的区域被战略性地放置在非常显眼的位置，当从里面看时，则能捕捉到房屋的大部分重要的角度。同时，它也是房屋内其他功能空间的连接点。值得注意的是，当这个大开口打开时，它与经过精心设计的室外空间（被称为过渡阳台或当地人称作“Tern”）完美地融合在一起。总的来说，这些空间变成了一个较为大型的公共区域，将室内、室外和庭院空间无缝连接起来，形成了一个整体。

The following section will explain the design of the contextual relationships surrounding the dining area, as previously mentioned, where this house employs a dining space to receive guests. This choice reflects the owner’s desire to showcase their identity and dissolve the behavior of guests through taste and the atmosphere of food preparation. This specific area is strategically positioned to be highly visible from the outside and, when viewed from the inside, captures most of the house’s key angles. It also serves as a connection point to other functional spaces within the house. Notably, when the large opening is opened, it seamlessly merges with the intentionally designed outdoor space, referred to as a transitional veranda or locally known as “Tern”. Collectively, these spaces transform into a sizable communal area that interconnects seamlessly—indoors, outdoors, and the garden—forming an integrated entity instantly.

房屋的主卧中安装了传统的木制推拉窗，这些窗户基于半公共空间的大窗户，通过紧凑的空隙营造出一种私密感。在这座紧凑的建筑中，浴室和卧室之间没有任何隔断。整体建筑的布局经过精心设计，促进了房屋内畅通的动线，战略性的功能布局，避免了不同空间产生的直接冲突。

Within the primary bedroom area of the house, there are local wooden sliding windows incorporated to establish a sense of privacy through compact voids. These windows will serve as a substitute for larger windows found in semi-public spaces within the small building, ensuring a more private atmosphere. In this compact building, there won’t be any doors separating the bathroom and the bedroom. The architectural layout is carefully designed to encourage a seamless flow, strategically positioning functions to avoid direct confrontation.

建筑墙面使用了多种表面处理方式。例如，在房屋内部，我们将混凝土与稻壳结合在一起，然后涂上一层半光滑的灰泥，这样做的目的是营造一种环境氛围，让人感觉这些墙面受到了乡村环境的影响，而不是完全由工业制造而成。至于外墙，我们的目标是尽量光滑，省去最后的抹平阶段，使墙面略为不规则，最终呈现出一种具有纹理的外观。外墙最突出的特点是房屋入口处的黑色墙面。为此，我们采用了一种纹理很深的墙面，当地人称之为“Salad Dok”。在阳光的照射下，当地工匠制作的每一个复杂细节都清晰地呈现在人们眼前。

We use a variety of surface finishes on the walls in this house. For instance, inside the house, we combine concrete with rice husks and apply a semi-smooth plaster. We aim to promote an environmental context, giving the impression that these wall surfaces are influenced by rural surroundings, rather than being entirely industrially manufactured. As for the exterior walls, we aim for a nearly smooth finish but eliminate the final stage of smoothing to create a surface with slight irregularities, ultimately presenting a textured appearance. The standout feature on the exterior is the black wall at the entrance of the house. For this, we employ a deeply textured wall surface known locally as “Salad Dok,” as this black wall directly confronts the midday sunlight. It reveals every intricate detail of the local craftsmen’s ornaments as it interacts with the sun’s rays.

为了提高舒适度和便利性，我们将本地元素融入住宅之中并做出适当调整。其中一项是融入泰国建筑中的 “缩进角”概念。这包括改变视角和在材料中引入新技术，以提高这些元素的使用率。一个较为明显的例子就是住宅中的洗脚水龙头。该水龙头位于进入主起居室之前，这是泰国人在进入房屋之前进行清洁的习惯做法。水龙头的材料融合了钢等现代材料，同时尽量减少了泰国传统装饰品的形式，以适应其功能和设计。所有这些元素都是黑色的，在阳光照射下，它们会在不同的时间段展现出不同的效果。

Local elements of the house have been incorporated and adapted to enhance comfort and convenience. One of the efforts made is the integration of the concept of “indented corners” from Thai architecture. This involves altering perspectives and introducing new techniques into the materials to increase efficiency when these elements are used in storytelling ways. An evident example in this house is the foot-washing tap. Positioned just before entering the main living area, this is a customary Thai practice to cleanse before entering the house. The material of this tap has been designed to blend contemporary materials like steel while minimizing the form of Thai traditional ornaments to suit its function and design. All these elements are finished in black, and when sunlight hits, they reveal themselves in different timeframes.

该住宅设计试图通过从日常生活中汲取的材料来创造新的感知。在该项目中，美感的连续性可能并不会立即显现出来，因为工作室有意地改变了材料和排列的元素。并试图通过这种实验方式来创造一个超越时间限制的家庭空间。

This house is an attempt to create novel perceptions through material experiments drawn from daily life. The continuity of beauty might not be immediately evident in this work, as it’s purposefully changed by using materials and arranging elements that were tried out in the studio’s experiments. These experiments have been utilized to present various possibilities for creating a home that transcends the limitations of time.

▽设计图纸 Design Drawings

项目名称：Baan Dam
竣工年份：2023年
总建筑面积：250平方米
项目地点：泰国清迈

设计公司：Housescape Design Lab
公司网址：https://www.housescape-delab.com/
联系电子邮件：housescape.design.lab@gmail.com
公司地址：190/14 Gimme Shelter Thanon Rattana Kosin，Amphoe Mueang Chiang Mai，清迈，50300
首席建筑师：Peerapong Promchart
电子邮件：housescape.design.lab@gmail.com
设计团队：Thiprada Jindatum、Wachira Pakkla、Sirawish Jo、Panuwat Donthong、Pimprutti Pruttichote、Pran Maneerat
实习支持团队：Panchudha Chantharasawat、Muhaimin Salaeh、Kay Thwe Oo、Pannapat Thanakun、Warathep yoosabai、Supida Phakphoom、Mathawee Pamakho、Wisit Lekpet
客户：Khun Pornthip Kaewyoo
景观设计：Housescape Design Lab
合作者：C.Wiruj、C.Sant、C.Cha、C.Mod、C.Tull、C.Lung Boon、C.Zarm、C.Mongkol、C.Doh
图片来源：Rungkit Charoenwat

Project Name: Baan Dam
Completion Year: 2023
Gross Built Area: 250 m²
Project location: Chiangmai, Thailand

Architecture Firm: Housescape Design Lab
Website: https://www.housescape-delab.com/
Contact e-mail: housescape.design.lab@gmail.com
Firm Location: 190/14 Gimme Shelter Thanon Rattana Kosin, Amphoe Mueang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai, 50300
Lead Architects: Peerapong Promchart
Lead Architects e-mail: housescape.design.lab@gmail.com
Design Team: Thiprada Jindatum, Wachira Pakkla, Sirawish Jo, Panuwat Donthong, Pimprutti Pruttichote, Pran Maneerat
Internship Supporting Team : Panchudha Chantharasawat, Muhaimin Salaeh, Kay Thwe Oo, Pannapat Thanakun, Warathep yoosabai, Supida Phakphoom, Mathawee Pamakho, Wisit Lekpet
Clients: Khun Pornthip Kaewyoo
Landscape: Housescape Design Lab
Collaborators: C.Wiruj, C.Sant, C.Cha, C.Mod, C.Tull, C.Lung Boon, C.Zarm, C.Mongkol, C.Doh
Photo credits: Rungkit Charoenwat

“ 用日常生活中的材料来创造新的感知。”

审稿编辑: SIM

更多 Read more about: Housescape Design Lab

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