Powerhouse Telemark能源大楼，挪威/未来办公空间的可持续设计范例-卓美

能源部门和建筑业产生的致温室效应气体占据全球排放总量的40%以上。全球人口的增长和日益加剧的气候危机也激化了诸如COVID-19的全球性混乱。建筑师们如今正面临着跨行业合作的挑战，并被期望以更加具有责任感的方式来完成项目。

The energy sector and building industry account for over 40% of global industry’s heat-trapping emissions combined. As the world’s population and the severity of the climate crisis continue to grow, precipitating global disruptions such as the COVID-19 pandemic, architects are challenged to work across industries to build more responsibly.

▼建筑外观，exterior view ©Ivar Kvaal

Snøhetta的合伙创始人Kjetil Trædal Thorsen表示：“除了努力让我们的地球尽可能地保持健康，我们还必须借此机会来优先考虑可持续的设计实践，尤其是要思考如何让我们的工作对人类和非人类居民产生积极影响。虽然与新冠疫情相比，气候的问题显得不那么尖锐，但对于建筑师而言，保护建筑环境和自然环境均有着无比重要的意义。我们需要更多像Powerhouse这样的全行业联盟，从经济、社会和环境等多个维度去推动可持续建筑和城市的行业标准的建立。”

“In striving to keep our planet as healthy as possible, we must take this moment to prioritize sustainable design practices, and specifically consider how our work impacts human and non-human inhabitants alike. Although the gradual violence of the climate crisis might seem less acute compared to the rapid effects of viruses such as COVID-19, especially for those living in the global north, we as architects have a stake in the protection of our built and unbuilt environments. We need more industry-wide alliances such as Powerhouse to push industry standards for what is means to build sustainable buildings and cities, both on an economic, social and environmental scale,” says Founding Partner of Snøhetta, Kjetil Trædal Thorsen.

▼建筑外观，exterior view ©Ivar Kvaal

高11层的新能源大楼坐落在挪威韦斯特福尔和泰勒马克郡之间的历史工业城市波什格伦，象征着当地辉煌的工业历史的延续（泰勒马克是19世纪初期最大的水力发电厂之一的所在地）。新的能源大楼体现了当地对于绿色经济的持续投入，确立了泰勒马克郡在脱碳新型建设方面的领军地位。Powerhouse Telemark的东南立面和屋顶每年将产生256,000千瓦时的电能，大约是挪威家庭年均用电量的20倍，多出的部分将回售至能源网。

Situated in the historic industrial city of Porsgrunn in the county of Vestfold and Telemark, the new 11 story building marks a symbolic continuation of the district’s proud history as Telemark is home to one of the early 19th Century’s largest hydropower plants. Powerhouse Telemark indicates the area’s growing investment in the green economy, positioning the county as a leader in decarbonizing new construction. The south-east facing façade and roof of Powerhouse Telemark will generate 256 000 kWh each year, approximately twenty times the annual energy use of an average Norwegian household, and surplus energy will be sold back to the energy grid.

▼场地平面图，site plan ©Snøhetta

建筑拥有一个类似于圆锥形的倾斜体量，其东立面上开有一道清晰的、呈45°内倾的凹槽，为建筑赋予了显著的外观特征，使其从附近Herøya工业园的环境中脱颖而出。

The skewed and slightly conical building features a clearly defined 45° tilting notch on the east-facing façade, giving it a clearly identifiable expression that stands out in the industrial context of the surrounding Herøya industry park.

▼鸟瞰，aerial view ©Ivar Kvaal

▼建筑外观，exterior view ©Ivar Kvaal

建筑内部设有接待吧台、办公空间（包括两层共享办公空间）、员工共享餐厅、顶层会议空间和能够俯瞰峡湾的屋顶露台。两座宽阔的楼梯从接待区域一路上升至员工餐厅和楼顶会议室，贯穿了建筑的上下楼层。建筑的第九层设有一座笔直的木质楼梯，从视觉上连接了餐厅和会议空间，同时将来访者引向建筑的屋顶平台。

除了获得BREEAM的优秀级认证、彰显其在可持续方面的远大志向之外，Powerhouses还为当地社区乃至全世界的可持续设计提供了示范性的案例。

▼员工餐厅，the shared staff restaurant ©Ivar Kvaal

Inside, the building features a barception, office space, including two stories of co-working spaces, a shared staff restaurant, penthouse meeting spaces and a roof terrace overlooking the fjord. Two large staircases connect the building’s ground and top floors, from the reception area and all the way up to the staff restaurant and penthouse meeting rooms. A distinctive straight wooden staircase reveals itself at the ninth floor, visually tying the staff canteen and penthouse meeting room area together and leading visitors to the building’s roof terrace.

In obtaining the BREEAM Excellent** certification as proof of their bold sustainability ambitions, Powerhouses stand as beacons of sustainable design not only in their local communities, but also function as models for how the world can embrace sustainable architecture and design at large in the future.

▼木质楼梯，从视觉上连接了餐厅和会议空间 ©Ivar Kvaal the wooden staircase visually tying the staff canteen and penthouse meeting room area together

呈24°倾斜的独特屋顶超越了建筑体量的极限，使屋顶的表面积扩展至最大，确保建筑能够从光伏板棚顶以及被光伏电池板包覆的南立面获取尽可能多的太阳能。

建筑的西立面、西北立面和东北立面以木板条包覆，为光照最强的立面提供自然的遮阳系统。木质外壳的后方是Cembrit纤维水泥板立面，为建筑赋予了统一的表达。项目作为被动式建筑拥有卓越的隔热性能，所有楼层均安装了三层隔热窗。水泥板为建筑提供了类似于石砌结构的密度，能够在白天储存热能，在夜间缓慢地释放热量。每个楼层的边界区域都安装了带有水环路的低排放系统，能够通过位于地下350米处的地热井确保高效的制冷和制热。

▼木板条为光照最强的立面提供自然的遮阳系统 ©Ivar Kvaal the wooden balusters provide natural shading on the most sun exposed façade

▼木质外壳的后方是Cembrit纤维水泥板立面 ©Ivar Kvaal behind the wooden balusters the building is covered with Cembrit façade panels

▼立面细节，façade detailed view ©Ivar Kvaal

The building’s striking 24° tilted roof gently slopes to surpass the extremities of the building’s volume, expanding the roof’s surface and ensuring a maximum amount of solar energy can be harvested both from the photovoltaic canopy and the building’s PV-cell clad south-facing façade.

To the west, north-west and north-east the building is clad with wooden balusters providing natural shading on the most sun exposed façade. Behind the wooden balusters the building is covered with Cembrit façade panels which give the building a unified expression. Functioning just as a passive house, the building is super insulated and features triple isolated windows throughout. The concrete slabs lend the building a density akin to that of a stone structure storing thermal heat during the day and slowly emitting heat during the evening. A low ex system with water loops in the border zones of each floor, assures that the building is efficiently cooled and heated through geothermal wells dug 350 meters below ground.

▼从室内望向立面，view to the facade from office ©Ivar Kvaal

Powerhouse Telemark还采用了一系列低技术解决方案，确保将使用者的舒适度放在优先地位，使办公楼的潜力得到充分发挥。微微倾斜的西立面和东南立面在保证光照和遮阳的同时带来开阔的视野和灵活的内部空间。建筑的东北立面保持了垂直，以容纳更加传统的、带有封闭空间的办公环境。在整座建筑中，较为隐蔽的小尺寸空间被策略性地设置在远离外墙的位置，不仅能够降低对制冷的需求，还有助于保持空间本身的舒适度。

Powerhouse Telemark also utilizes a series of low-tech solutions to ensure that tenant comfort is prioritized, allowing the office building to be used to its full potential. The building’s gently skewed West-facing and South-East-facing facades allow for a maximum of daylight and shading while also generating views and flexible indoor spaces. To the North-East the building is leveled to accommodate for more traditional workspaces with enclosed offices. Throughout the building, small, secluded spaces are strategically moved away from sun exposed facades to reduce the need for cooling while also assuring that these spaces keep a comfortable temperature.

▼立面细节，façade detailed view ©Ivar Kvaal

建筑的内部空间遵循了标准化的原则，以避免新租户入驻时产生不必要的浪费。在所有楼层，地面、玻璃墙、办公室隔断、厨房、灯具和卫生间均采用了相同的设计、色彩与材质。同时，灵活的室内设计方案加上两个楼层的共享办公空间，共同确保了业主和未来租户能够轻松地对建筑进行重新规划，在无需搬迁的情况下也能够扩大或缩小他们的商业规模。这也意味着，办公空间可以直接过渡为资源空间，在传统办公布局需求受到远程办公场景的影响时，也能实现空间的最大效用。

The interior design of the building is built upon a principle of standardization to reduce unnecessary waste as new tenants move into the building. The flooring, glass walls, office dividers, kitchenettes, lighting, and bathrooms have been given the same design, color, and materiality across all floors. Indeed, the flexibility of the interior solution of the building, combined with the building’s two story co-working space, allows for the client and future tenants to easily re-program the building and expand or downsize their businesses without needing to relocate. This means that the office space may transition from desk space to resource space, allowing for maximal utility of the space even when remote work scenarios changes the traditional office layout demands.

▼办公空间，office interior view ©Ivar Kvaal

Powerhouse Telemark的材料选择以环境可持续为基础，整座建筑采用了高恢复力和低能耗的耐用材料，例如未经处理的木材、石膏和环保混凝土等。从厨房到地砖再到活动家具，建筑内的一切均是由坚固耐用的高品质材料制成。地面砖由70%的回收渔网制成，木地板则采用了由回收木屑制成的工业木料。此外，特别定制的标识系统为办公空间的视觉表达提供了一定程度的灵活性，减少了定做专用品牌标识造成的不必要的浪费。

The material palette of Powerhouse Telemark is chosen for its environmentally sustainable qualities. Throughout, the building features sturdy materials known for resilience and low-embodied energy. This means using materials such as local wood, gypsum and environmental concrete which is left exposed and untreated. Everything from the kitchens to the carpet tiles and loose furniture are made from durable and high-quality materials. The carpet tiles are composed of 70% recycled fishing nets and the wooden flooring is made from industrial parquet of ash from wooden debris. Moreover, a specially designed foliating signage system allows for a certain amount of flexibility in tailoring the visual expression of the different office spaces without creating unnecessary waste that may be generated when brand specific signage is removed or produced.

为了最大程度降低对人工照明的需求，大楼采用了保守却高效的照明系统。大楼的屋顶还安装了垂直的玻璃凹槽，使光线得以穿透顶部的三个楼层。与此同时，选用浅色调的活动家具也能够让室内采光得到微妙的补充。

To reduce the need for artificial lighting to an absolute minimum, the building has a conservative but efficient lighting system. The building’s roof also features vertical glass slots, allowing for daylight penetration on the three top floors. Moreover, the choice of loose furniture with light surfaces allow for a subtle complement of the interior lighting.

与Powerhouse Kjørbo、Powerhouse Montessori和Powerhouse Brattørkaia等雄心勃勃的姊妹项目一样，Powerhouse Telemark致力于成为在环境、社会与经济上可持续的建筑的典范，同时也向后疫情时代办公空间的概念和构思提出了挑战。

Just like its ambitious sister projects Powerhouse Kjørbo, Powerhouse Montessori and Powerhouse Brattørkaia, Powerhouse Telemark aspires to be model for environmentally, socially and economically sustainable architecture, while also challenging our conception of what our offices might look like in the post COVID-19 era.

Location Address: Dokkvegen 11 Municipality: Porsgrunn, Norway Client R8 Property

Timeline Building stared in Sept. 2018-handover 3 August 2020 Collaborators Turnkey Contract: Skanska Architect: Snøhetta Interior architect for 1st, 2nd, 4th floors, including restaurant and conference center: Snøhetta Landscape: Snøhetta Technical Design: Skanska teknikk and Asplan Viak Functions 11 story office building (no basement to reduce the amount of concrete) Plan 1 Barception, gym, co-working spaces, and technical rooms Plan 2 Co-working Plan 3-8 office space, free seating-clean desk principle Plan 9 Staff restaurant for all tenants Plan 10 Conference center/meeting rooms Plan 11 Rooftop terrace and technical rooms

Size： Gross: 7931 m2 Net: 8403 m2 Plot size: 3580 m2 Energy performance 256000 kWh per year Solar panel surface (in total) : 1482 m2 Certifications: BREEAM Excellent 72, 88%points