Etoile多厅电影院的建造提供了一个思考的文化建筑的机会：如何定义它们的形态和功能，以及如何将它们融入未来的城市、建筑、社会和历史环境。该项目是法国Béthune市借由“智慧城市”标签提出的区域发展计划的一部分，它引发了关于“如何向观众展示建筑”、“如何运用以及运用何种建筑设备来使观众对自己产生积极感受”等类似问题的考量。受到William Klein在1958年的作品《灯光下的百老汇》（Broadway by light）的启发，设计团队试图将“变形的表演”（transfiguring performance）作为项目的核心概念。
To build the multiplex Etoile Cinémas was the opportunity to think about issues of shapes and purposes of cultural architectures and how to incorporate them into an urban, architectural, social, and historical environment to come. At the beginning of an urban operation, the project is part of the local development policy initiated by the city via the label SmartCity. It led to considerations on how an architecture may show off the spectator and on how and with which architectural devices one may reflect a positive feeling of himself in the spectator. Inspired by Broadway by light by William Klein (1958), we centered the project on the key concept of a transfiguring performance.
▼电影院外观，exterior view ©Luc Boegly
新的影院被构想为一个文化与社交的焦点。这一点可以从其置入城市的方式中解读出来：建筑位于一个巨大且开阔的庭院，面对着通往火车站的大道。5600平方米的地块处于一个战略性的位置，毗邻火车站和市中心所在的主要交通轴线。新的电影院就坐落在平坦的空地中央，其外部被钢铁与灯光围绕。建筑内部一共容纳了9间影厅，旨在成为促进互动的文化场所，为人们带来沉浸式的观影体验。
We wanted the new multiplex to become a cultural and social pole. One can read these architectural intentions from the implantation of the building, facing the avenue coming from the train station on a vast open courtyard. The 5600㎡ lot to build was a strategical place located near major axis of circulation (train, city center, etc.). Now on the esplanade stands a 9-cinemas multiplex, made of steel and light, which aim is to become a cultural site build for interactions, where to live a full immersive cinematographic experience.
▼南立面，south facade ©Luc Boegly
作为城市中显著的交流和聚会场所，影院不断回应着各种实践的发展。这要得益于其富有吸引力的、宏伟富丽且戏剧化的建筑特征，以及与之相配的娱乐和休闲空间。所有的元素共同构成了一个戏剧性的维度。在这个维度中，场所的功能性、适应性、便捷性和吸引力都得以展现出来。
建筑犹如一块形态优雅的巨石出现在Lens大道的拐角处，呈现出一种当代城市风格。它后退于街道并斜向地面对着作为人流交汇处的广场，这样的布局能够引导人们向电影院的入口迈进，同时给人以一种恰到好处的、动态的魅力。朝向前场的主立面以玻璃围合，将人们的目光吸引进来，同时也将室内的场景带往室外。
▼建筑犹如一块形态优雅的巨石出现在Lens大道的拐角处 ©Luc Boegly at the bend of Avenue de Lens, the building appears, a refined monolith with a contemporary urban style
The cinema was to be a new place of exchange and meeting, identifiable in the urban landscape and responding to these evolving practices. So it is thanks to its welcoming, theatrical and opulent architecture, and to the development of suitable spaces of conviviality. Everything contributes to a theatrical dimension from which the functionality, adaptability, ease of use and attractiveness of the place derive.
At the bend of Avenue de Lens, the building appears, a refined monolith with a contemporary urban style. Its location, set back from the street and obliquely, opens on a square that is a crossroads of flows directing walkers to the cinema, and infuses it with an incisive and attractive dynamism. The porosity of the main glazed facade, open to the forecourt, draws the gaze inward and calls to pass from the inside to the outside.
▼外部楼梯，the external staircase ©Luc Boegly
这样的建筑同样适合人们停留。外立面的形态构成了一个类似雨篷的空间，欢迎着公众进入大厅。大厅中容纳了售票处、糖果和饮料销售柜台、带有座位和大尺寸桌子的休息区、以及适合聚会的几何形家具，充裕的建筑面积让一系列戏剧性的功能得以实现。大厅同时还服务于首层的技术室和大面积的夹层。夹层在影院中起到连接人群和功能空间的作用，形成一道同时拥有“看”与“被看”视角的回廊，并且由于其充裕的宽度而成为一个“私有化”的空间。
▼大厅，the large hall ©Luc Boegly
▼从入口望向和销售柜台和上方的夹层，view to the sales counters and the mezzanine above ©Luc Boegly
▼夹层在影院中起到连接人群和功能空间的作用，the vast mezzanine articulates the flows and functions as an ambulatory ©Luc Boegly
Such a building is also a place where to stay. Welcomed by the awning formed by the facade, the public enters a large hall. Its generously size reinforces the theatrical functionality of the building: it accommodates the ticket office, confectionery and drink sales counters and a relaxation area with seats and large tables, graphic furniture conducive to meeting; it serves the technical rooms on the ground floor and the vast mezzanine which articulates the flows and functions as an ambulatory, a passageway to see and be seen. Thanks to the width of the mezzanine corridors, the circulations, a passageway, become “private” spaces.
▼从夹层俯瞰入口大厅，view from the mezzanine towards the hall ©Luc Boegly
电影院是一种复杂的建筑，不仅用于娱乐，也兼具文化和象征意义。建筑团队希望将华丽宏伟的感觉归还给它，并为每个电影爱好者带来绝佳的体验。基于建筑形式、Garnier剧院以及1950年代美国城市的历史，这块“巨石”向我们展示了一座电影院在社会、文化遗产以及普世价值层面上的重要性，并邀请我们以全新的目光去审视“第七艺术”（即电影）。
主厅、扶梯、带有宽阔走道的木质楼梯和夹层，这些都是陈述、漫步和沉思发生的场所。它们庞大的体量使建筑变得更具厚重感，亦表达出对观影者使用体验的重视。建筑的混凝土框架外部包覆着穿孔金属板，纤薄的表皮在LED背光灯带的映衬下犹如星光满溢的帷幔。观影者经由建筑一侧的“幕帘”从电影中走回现实。这样的立面既是招牌，又是一道发光的展示橱窗：它使电影院成为了一座足以让城市空间发生转变的新地标。
A cinema is a complex architecture dedicated to entertainment but also to culture and representation: we wanted to give it back its grandeur and make the cinephile a privileged guest. Building upon the history of architectural forms, the Opéra Garnier and the modern American city of the 1950s, the monolith displays the social importance, heritage dimension and universal value of cinema, and invites us to take a fresh look at the 7th Art.
The main hall, the escalators, the wooden staircases with wide passageways and the mezzanine are places of representation, promenade, and contemplation. The magnitude of their volumes gives the building a presence and revalue the practice of film lovers. The concrete framework is adorned with an envelope of perforated sheet metal panels. The metallic lace is transformed into a starry mantle by a backlighting device using light strips (LEDs). Exit back to reality from the theaters takes place under this curtain on one side of the building. Both a signature and a luminous showcase, the envelope a show which makes the multiplex a new landmark in the city and transfigures the urban space.
▼穿孔金属板表皮在LED背光灯带的映衬下犹如星光满溢的帷幔 ©Luc Boegly the metallic lace of the building is transformed into a starry mantle by a backlighting device using light strips
在场景的设置上，设计团队选择了一个以皇家蓝和鲜橙色为主、黄色和红色为辅的色彩和图形方案，以强调出一种“清醒的”华丽感。在与白色混凝土和银灰色金属外墙的对比下，这些亮眼的色彩定义出振奋人心的室内全景，标记出大厅入口的位置，同时又凸显出地毯、金属和混凝土的材料质感以及放映室的黑暗氛围。这种欢快的能量与丰富的感官刺激创造出一个为人们所共有的电影时空，使电影院成为一个发散着幸福的乐园。
For the scenography, we used a palette built on the graphic intensity of royal blue and spicy orange, and a secondary one in yellow and red, to exalt this sober opulence. In contrast with the exterior whiteness and the mineral gray of the concrete, the dazzling color scheme generates interior panoramas, enhances the materials (carpet, metal, concrete), marks the hall entrances (signage), contrasts with the darkness of the screening rooms. It dispenses a festive energy and a sensory dimension that create the space-time of cinema as a shared practice of entertainment, dispenser of well-being and creator of interactions.
▼亮眼的色彩凸显出地毯、金属和混凝土的材料质感 ©Luc Boegly the dazzling color scheme generates interior panoramas, enhances the materials (carpet, metal, concrete)
▼交通空间，circulation ©Luc Boegly
▼楼梯和扶梯，staircase and escalator ©Luc Boegly
施工方法和材料的选择均以优化观影者的体验为目标。混凝土和预制钢板相结合的施工方法确保了施工的速度和质量，并在多个楼层中置入了宽敞的活动和交流空间。混凝土的使用方便了建筑的维护，并为工作人员提供了优质的工作环境。房间内部，混凝土的外壳能够有效地整合看台和技术设备，同时达到等同于防火墙的安全标准。
The choices of methods and materials aim to optimize the cinephile experience. The mixed construction method using concrete and steel pre-slabs ensures rapid construction and a good quality of finish. With this solution we delivered an ample and generous volume on several levels, to be fitted out with spaces free of movement and conviviality, even for ancillary programs and partner cultural programs. The use of concrete then facilitates the maintenance of the building and provides an optimized working environment for the staff. In the rooms, the concrete shell facilitated the integration of the stands and technical equipment. Finally, it has a firewall quality to meet ERP security standards.
▼影厅入口，entrance to the rooms ©Luc Boegly
▼材料细节，material detailed view ©Luc Boegly
为了提高视觉舒适度，室内空间在特定角度进行了分级，以保证观众可以完整地看见银幕。银幕的宽度从10米至18米不等，确保了沉浸式的观影体验。扶手座椅之间设置了120厘米宽的台阶，其中第一排还设置了脚踏。主放映厅配备了杜比全景声系统，带来震撼的听觉体验。全覆盖式的地毯定义了声学和视觉特性，保证了每位使用者的舒适度。
For visual comfort, the rooms are graded at an angle ensuring full visibility of the screen. The size of the screens, from 10 to 18 meters wide, ensures a plunge into the film. A step of 120 cm has been arranged between the armchairs and footrests have been provided in the first row. The main room features a Dolby Atmos sound system, providing a spectacular hearing experience. The overcovering carpet determines the acoustic and visual properties guaranteeing the comfort of all users.
▼放映厅内部，cinema interior view ©Luc Boegly
立面上星星点点的图案是通过三种不同的穿孔随机分布在拼接板面上而实现的，网面背后的LED灯以不同的频率闪烁。考虑到需要照亮的表面，LED的使用也起到了降低能耗的作用。
最后，建筑还将舒适性与能源高效性相结合。它利用前方的开口尽可能地引入自然光和自然风，以满足空气质量的要求并减少能源消耗。入口前方的金属表皮还充当了遮阳板的功能，能够减少玻璃立面透过的光线，同时通过对混凝土结构的遮挡起到调节温度的作用。
▼立面灯光效果，the starry light patterns on the façade ©Luc Boegly
The starry light patterns on the façade is obtained through three different perforations randomly distributed in patchwork on the panels, creating a mesh effect behind which the LEDs light up at varying frequencies. The use of LEDs ensures low energy consumption, considering the surface to illuminate.
Finally, the building combines comfort with energy performance. It takes advantage of its opening in the front to benefit from natural lighting and ventilation of spaces that meet the requirements of air quality and limited energy expenditure. The metallic lace located in front of the accesses on the facade also serves as a sunshade, reducing the light linked to the glazed openings, and contributes to thermal regulation by concealing the concrete structure.
▼立面细节，facade detailed view ©Luc Boegly
▼影院夜景，night view ©Luc Boegly
▼一层平面图，ground floor plan ©Olivier Palatre architectes
▼二层平面图，first floor plan ©Olivier Palatre architectes
▼西立面图和南立面图，west elevation and south elevation ©Olivier Palatre architectes
▼剖面图，sections ©Olivier Palatre architectes
MULTIPLEX ètoile Cinémas Béthune Location: Béthune, France (62) Program: 9 cinemas multiplex – conception, building, fittings, scenography, and courtyard Condition of assignment: full assignment laureate Delivery date: March 2020 Client: ètoile Cinémas Lead consultant: Olivier Palatre architectes Contractors: Structure Mécobat Ingénierie / Fluids Innovation fluides / Electricity, SSI Cin’études / Economy, OPC SLPRO’JECT / Acoustic Alain Leconte Surfaces: External 6537.37 m² SDP 5623.8 m² Budget: 7 200 000€ HT
