曲江第七小学是由西安市曲江新区管委会全额投资兴建和管理的一所公办性质的完全小学。2019年10月保利达(西安)公司（PLD）受业主委托开始设计工作。2020年9月，学校建成开学。曲江七小位于曲江新区，黄渠头路以南，公园南路以东，南三环以北，长鸣路以西，项目规划用地面积约58亩。
Qujiang No.7 primary school is a complete public primary school invested and managed by Qujiang New Area Management Committee of Xi’an City. In October 2019, BaoLida (Xi’an) Company (PLD) was commissioned by the owner to start the design work. In September 2020, the school had been completed and opened. Qujiang No.7 primary school is located in Qujiang New District, south of huangqutou Road, east of Gongyuan South Road, north of South Third Ring Road and west of Changming road. The planned land area of the project is about 58 mu.
▼西南方向鸟瞰， bird’s eye view from southwest © 王东
这是一个受限制条件较多的学校，但也是一个因限制条件而特立独“形”的学校。特殊的位置、复杂的地形，严苛的规划设计条件，为设计提出了诸多问题。同时也赋予了项目许多特色。
This is a school with many restrictions, but it is also a unique school because of these restrictions. The special location, complex terrain, strict planning, and design conditions put forward many problems for the design. At the same time, it gives the project many extraordinary characteristics.
▼建筑和环境组成了五彩斑斓的第五立面，A colorful fifth façade is composed of building and environment © 王东
首先，学校用地位于正在建设的城市公园旁，并且紧邻两条主要城市道路。北侧黄渠头路西高东低，最大高差15米，地势坡度较大;西侧公园南路则南高北低，高差近10米。同时，场地内部是一大片经年堆积而形成的高台，最小高差15米,最大高差约30米，站在坡顶最高处可以俯瞰到整个基地和黄渠头路。场地存在的巨大高差所产生的土方量问题，将影响着投资建设的费用和周期。
Firstly, the school site is located next to an urban park under construction, and it is close to two main urban roads. In the north, Huangqutou road is high in the west and low in the east, with the maximum elevation difference of 15 meters. The terrain is very steep. In the west, South Park Road is high in the south and low in the north, with the elevation difference of nearly 10 meters. Furthermore, the inside of the site has a large, high stockpiles formed by years of accumulation, elevation difference is about 15~30 meters. When standing at the top of the slope, you have a bird’s eye view of the whole site and Huangqutou road. The earthwork problem caused by the huge elevation differences of the site will affect the total investment cost and construction schedule.
▼项目区位，Project location © PLD
其二，看似完整方正的用地,西北角被变电站所占据，用地南侧则紧邻一座加油站，这两者都有着非常严苛的退距要求，使得原本就较为紧张的用地更加稀缺和不规则。其三，学校东侧紧邻公园，对建筑物有明确的限高要求。同时，为了解决日益增多的儿童入学问题，学校提出了须达到48班的规模要求。
Secondly, the northwest corner of a relatively square site is occupied by the substation, and south of it is a gas station. Both of them have very strict requirements for the distance, which makes the originally inadequate site more scarce and irregular. Thirdly, the east side of the school is close to the park, which has a limited height requirement for buildings. Additionally, in order to solve the problem of children’s increasing enrollment, the requirement of 48 classes for the school has to be met.
▼用地现状，current situation of land use © PLD
可以看出场地高差，土方平衡，退距要求，建设规模，建筑限高，学校规范等都是设计之初所要综合考虑的因素。如何破解和适应用地的复杂性和多样性，同时又兼顾功能、空间和形态，营造一个舒适开放的立体校园空间，并成为公园有机组成的一部分，是项目设计的关键。
It can be seen that the site’s elevation difference, earthwork balance, distance requirements, construction scope, building height limit, and design code for school are all factors to be considered at the beginning of design. Solving and adapting to the complexity and diversity of land use, while taking into account the function, space and form, creating a comfortable and open three-dimensional campus space that is integrated within the park, is the key to the project design.
▼设计理念，design concept © PLD
与简单平坦地形较为灵活的设计相比，这里受限制的因素较多。但事物的利和弊，总是在相互转化之中。看似复杂的设计条件也有可能成为设计最有魅力和最有趣味的地方。在满足基本功能和规模的前提下，先抛开风格和样式，整体设计直接从场地条件入手。在尊重场地条件、合理利用高差的原则下，提出了本案的设计理念：将建筑有机地融入环境，营造一所“从公园生长出来的学校”。在这一理念下提出了一系列设计的策略：
Compared with the more flexible design of a simple flat terrain, there are more restrictive factors here. But the advantages and disadvantages of things are always in the process of mutual transformation. At a surface level, the seemingly complex design conditions may present certain disadvantages, but these disadvantages are also responsible for the most attractive and interesting points in design. After meeting the basic requirements and scope, the style and form was put aside first to focus the overall design on the site conditions. With the goal of respecting the site conditions and reasonably using the elevation difference, the design concept of this case is as follows: integrating the building into the environment naturally, and creating a “school growing from the park”. Under this concept, a series of design strategies are brought up.
▼形体生成，form generation © PLD
▼顺应地形布置建筑， building layout according to terrain © PLD
场地内大面积经年堆积而形成的台地建筑条件较差，规划成运动场地；台地下部沿城市道路两侧，交通方便、地形相对平缓，适宜建筑，规划成教学及办公区。
A large area of the stockpiles formed by years of accumulation on the site has poor conditions and is planned to become a sports ground. The lower portion of the stockpiles is along both sides of the city road, with convenient transportation and a relatively gentle terrain. Therefore, it is suitable for buildings and is planned to be a teaching and office area.
▼西北方向鸟瞰， bird’s eye view from northwest © 王东
根据场地标高确定不同的楼位标高；通过曲折、偏转的方式使建筑顺应地形布置，减少土方量，同时巧妙地实现对周边不利因素的合理避让。
The elevation of different buildings is determined according to the elevation of the site. The building will conform to the terrain layout, the earthwork will be reduced and the surrounding adverse factors will be avoided skillfully by following the irregular shape of the land and through the way of twists and turns.
▼东北方向鸟瞰， bird’s eye view from northeast © 王东
以交通空间长廊为主干，延伸展开，布置办公楼、教学楼、实验楼和风雨操场。每一部分都相互独立，拥有各自的院落空间。同时又联系便捷，一廊通达，风雨无阻。整个建筑宛如从草坡中生长出来的大树根茎一般，自然而富于变化。隐喻学校像一棵扎根社会的大树，让学生们吸收丰富的养分，茁壮成长。
A long corridor branching into the office building, teaching building, lab building, and gym are laid out accordingly. Each part is independent from each other and has its own courtyard space. Moreover, the connection is convenient, and the corridor is accessible, rain or shine. The whole building can be seen as the root of a big tree growing from the grass slope, which is natural and full of changes. The school is like a tree rooted in society that allows students to thrive and absorb rich nutrients.
▼架空坡道连接屋面和地面，The elevated ramp connects the roof and the ground © 王东
高差是本项目设计需解决的最主要问题。建筑物从北到南顺着地势的高低变化逐次抬高，并依据功能空间的大小和相互关系设计有风雨操场、功能教室、合班教室、普通教室、报告厅和办公区等。建筑室内外的高低变化使得建筑物呼应了外部道路和内部场地的高差关系，沿着城市界面自然而然地形成了层次丰富的天际线。
The elevation difference is the main issue to be solved in the design of this project. From north to south, the buildings are raised gradually along with the change of terrain, the gym, homeroom classrooms, study halls, subject-specific classrooms, lecture hall, and office area are designed according to the size of the functional space and the relationship between them. The change in the elevation of the building inside and out makes the building match the elevation difference of the external road and the internal site. Along the urban interface, it naturally forms many levels in the skyline.
▼建筑物从北到南顺着地势的高低变化逐次抬高，the buildings are raised gradually along with the change of terrain © 王东
设计突破传统布局方式，将室外运动场地设置在原始高台之上，和主要教学区的三层平面衔接，最大限度地方便了各楼层和运动场地的垂直交通。同时利用不同标高的庭院和建筑屋面，形成了多层次户外空间。这样的设计即解决了人流疏散问题，又为学生课间开展不同种类的活动，提供了丰富多样的活动平台和户外区域。规划设计条件对项目提出了建筑限高和容积率的要求，设计通过围绕下沉庭院布置部分教室及报告厅，合理解决了功能及使用的需求。
The design breaks through the traditional layout by setting the outdoor sports ground on the original stockpiles and connecting it with the three-layer plan of the main teaching area. The vertical traffic of each floor and sports ground is facilitated to the maximum extent. In addition, the multi-level outdoor space is formed by using courtyard and building roofs with different levels of elevation. This design not only solves the problem of evacuating staff and students, but it also provides a variety of activity platforms and outdoor areas for students to carry out different kinds of activities during recess. The planning and design conditions need to meet the building height limits and floor to area ratio for the project. Through the layout of the lecture hall and classrooms around the sunken courtyard, the requirements of function and usage are reasonably met.
▼建筑山墙设计成悬挑的观景平台，The building gable is designed as a cantilever viewing platform © 王东
入口：宽大的雨棚下部覆盖了高低错落的灰空间，将教学区和办公区联系起来，形成建筑的主要入口空间。结合场地和建筑地坪的高差，设置了长坡道和大台阶，展现出非常清晰的入口导向性。在主入口台阶和坡道下部利用高差布置报告厅，报告厅的前厅通过下沉庭院和大台阶直接衔接校园入口广场，既方便校内师生使用，也为外来的参会人员提供了便捷性。整组建筑的主入口不是一个单纯的大门或门厅，而是一个整合了多个功能区、立体交错的门户空间。
Entrance: The lower part of the wide canopy is covered with staggered gray space, connecting the teaching area with the office area while forming the main entrance space of the building. Combined with the elevation difference between the site and the building floor, long ramps and steps are placed, presenting a very clear entrance to visitors. Down the main entrance steps and the lower part of the ramp is the lecture hall, designed based on the elevation difference. The front of the lecture hall is directly connected to the entrance square of the campus, through the sunken courtyard and large steps. This is not only convenient for teachers and students in the school, but also for visitors. The main entrance of the whole building is not a simple gate or hall, but a three-dimensional, staggered space, integrating multiple functional areas.
▼主入口，Main entrance © 王东
▼综合楼主入口，Main entrance of complex building © 王东
▼教学楼主入口，main entrance of teaching building © 王东
庭院：通过不同建筑之间的组合、建筑和地形的组合形成了不同尺度、不同性质的庭院空间。两栋教学楼之间的庭院，以缓坡绿地和硬质铺地为主，是学生的主要活动场所；教学楼和办公楼之间的庭院，因为报告厅的存在，形成了高低错落的景观层次；实验楼和外围地形则组成了一个半开放的下沉庭院。结合庭院布置的宽大的台阶，曲折的坡道，和多样的景观共同构成了一个丰富、互动的学习交流和活动场所。
Courtyard: Courtyard space with different dimensions and characteristics is formed through the combination between different buildings, between buildings and terrain. The courtyard between the two teaching buildings is mainly composed of a gentle grass slope and brick or stone pavement, which is the main activity place for students. Because of the existence of the lecture hall, the other courtyard between the teaching building and the office building forms a landscape with scattered high and low levels. The lab building and the surrounding terrain form a semi-open sunken courtyard. Combined with the wide steps, zigzag ramps and various landscapes in the courtyard, it is a rich and interactive place for learning, communication, and activities.
▼内庭院，inner courtyard © 王东
▼内庭院作为学生课间活动的场所，The inner courtyard is a place for students’ activities during recess © 徐少凡
敞廊：开放的休息平台，将内外有效的过度，并在简单的长廊线性空间中形成活动节点，从而提供更为丰富的交流场所。将借景的手法引入活动区域，在平台上设计的水平开口，仿佛展开的中式绘画长卷，形成开合有度的泛室外场所，激发孩子们探索的兴趣。
Open corridor: Open leisure platforms connect the indoors and outdoors, form activity space between the simple linear space of the corridor，effectively provide more abundant communication places. Using the method of scenery-borrowing in activity area, wide windows designed on the platform resembles a long Chinese painting scroll, provides a view of the outdoor scenery and forms an appropriate open and closed outdoor place that stimulates children’s interest in exploration.
▼架空连廊使内庭院变得开放，The elevated corridor makes the inner courtyard © 王东
▼通过下沉庭院解决一层采光，Through sunken courtyard to solve the problem of daylighting on the first floor © 王东
▼下沉庭院丰富了主入口的建筑空间，The sunken courtyard leads to abundant architectural space of the main entrance © 徐少凡
操场：因为操场地势较高，向东北方向极目远眺，看见城市的高楼、蜿蜒的道路和起伏的台塬，整个操场仿佛漂浮在城市上空一般。驰目畅怀，令人身心愉悦，充满激情。
Playground: Because the terrain of the playground is high, you can see the city’s tall buildings, winding roads, and rolling plateaus from the northeast. The whole playground seems to float over the city. Gaze into the distance，let go of your thoughts, it’s pleasant and full of passion environment.
▼田径场，Track field © 徐少凡
以大面积的白色做背景，并依据功能位置设计多样色彩点缀其上，让校园内外现代而富有活力，包容又不失自身个性。玻璃上彩色穿孔板的应用，不仅丰富了立面色彩，也让阳光下的室内光影婆娑，富于变化，营造出动人的空间效果。
Using a large white background provides a canvas for designs with a variety of colors that correspond with the different departments. The use of color decorates the campus, making it modern, energetic, and inclusive, giving it a unique personality. Colorful Perforated aluminum plates lined along the rows of windows adds more color to the facade while letting in light to the interior space through tiny holes in the board. This also fills the indoors with mesmerizing lights and shadows from the sun, that constantly change and create a moving space effect.
▼夜幕下的教学楼，Night view of teaching building © 王东
曲直结合的架空连廊、色彩丰富的景观大台阶、方便通达的直线长坡道、畅通无碍的连续平屋顶，这些线性空间的设置，共同构成了从屋顶到地面，再到地下的多重连续和流动的空间层次，形成了多种多样、连续不间断的漫游路径，营造出良好的步行体验和活力场所，创造着不同于以往简单，静态的平面空间界定。空间的流动性和边界的模糊性共同发挥作用，引发出孩子们互动玩耍的乐趣和学习交流的热情。
Straight and curved bridges connecting buildings, along with colorful landscape steps, accessible straight-line ramps, and continuous flat roofs form multiple levels of space that flow from the roof to the ground and then to the underground. This forms a variety of uninterrupted roaming paths, creating a fun and energetic walking experience that challenges common layouts used in the past. Avoiding defined boundaries allows for the fluidity of space, stimulating children’s enthusiasm for learning and interacting with others.
▼主入口夜景，Night view of main entrance © 王东
▼室外坡道，outdoor ramp © 王东
▼架空坡道，elevated ramp © 王东
化解复杂的基础条件，将被动变为特色，融入场地之中。发掘多样的环境潜力，将不利变为有趣，营造场所魅力。这是设计者在本案中努力的方向。在当下，学校建筑早已不再是一个简单的满足学校基本教学功能的场所，从建筑空间到校园环境都逐渐成为教育的重要组成部分。通过环境育人，也通过环境激发孩子们的兴趣和创造力。
Resolve the complex basic conditions, turn passivity into characteristics, and integrate into the site. Explore the potential of diverse environment, turn the disadvantage into fun, and create the charm of the place. This is the direction of the designer’s efforts in this design. In current times, a school building is no longer a simple place for teaching and learning. Both the architectural space and the campus environment have gradually become an important part of a student’s educational experience. It not only educates students through the environment, but also stimulates children’s interest and creativity.
▼总平面图，site-plan © PLD
▼组合平面图，combination layout plan © PLD
